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Table of Contents
- Learn About CBD Oil
- Pre-Purchase Questions
- Ordering and Shipping Questions
- Post Purchase Questions
- Questions About Ailments
- Questions About Diseases
Learn About CBD Oil
Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the most abundant cannabinoids found in cannabis. CBD oil is extracted from the cannabis plant and mixed with a carrier like MCT oil. Researchers have observed that CBD may benefit a wide array of symptoms.
These researchers believe that CBD has powerful neuroprotective properties, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects, and can also benefit psychological conditions like anxiety, depression, PTSD, and schizophrenia, and reduce seizures in epileptic conditions.
CBD is present in some amount in all varieties of the cannabis plant. However, hemp is an ideal source for CBD oil since it naturally contains less than 0.3% THC and can be grown legally across the US.
The endocannabinoid system is a network of receptors like CB1 and CB2 that affect neurotransmitter signaling when stimulated or inhibited by endocannabinoids the body produces naturally.7
Cannabinoids can mimic natural endocannabinoids to stimulate or inhibit neurotransmitter signaling throughout the body. In addition CB1 and CB2, the endocannabinoid system can be indirectly inhibited or stimulated through other mechanisms as well (5HT, A2A, TRPV1, and others).
CBD has some affinity for CB2 but mostly influences the endocannabinoid system through indirect mechanisms (3,5,8). When receptors like 5HT, A2A, and TRPV1 are stimulated by CBD neurotransmitters are released by the endocannabinoid system.
Several scientific research studies have observed that the cascade of neurotransmitter signaling initiated by increased cannabinoid levels may produce results like reduced inflammation, antioxidant activity, and anti-anxiety effects.
CBD stands for cannabidiol. Cannabidiol is a phytocannabinoid found naturally in the cannabis sativa plant. Most CBD marketed for consumption is derived from a variety of the cannabis sativa plant specifically bred to have high concentrates of CBD and less than 0.3% THC. This type of plant is known as industrial hemp.
There are at least 113 cannabinoids in cannabis sativa plants with the most popular and abundant being CBD. While cannabinoids have varied effects, the two most popular are CBD and THC.
A full list of the types of cannabinoids includes the following: THC, THCA, CBD, CBDA, CBN, CBG, CBC, CBL, CBV, THCV, CBDV, CBCV, CBGV, CBGM, CBE, and CBT.
The difference between full-spectrum CBD and CBD isolate is that full-spectrum oil is an extraction of the whole plant, while isolate is an extraction of pure CBD.
Full-spectrum CBD is best known for its wide range of cannabinoids working together in conjunction to create what is known as the “entourage effect.”
The entourage effect is said to promote overall relief and homeostasis. Another difference between full-spectrum CBD oil and CBD isolate is their taste.
Most full-spectrum CBD oils have a natural, earthy flavor to them, while CBD isolate is generally cut with MCT oil and flavors such as peppermint are added to make them more palatable.
In short, no. There are various oils referred to when talking about those derived from the cannabis sativa plant. When products mention “CBD oil” they are talking about the extracted cannabinoid CBD. If, however, they mention “hemp oil” and talk about a “whole-plant extract” as well, then they are referring to oil which yes, does contain CBD, but also contains the other cannabinoids in the oil too.
What you want to watch out for though, is products that mention “hemp seed oil,” a much cheaper and readily available oil compound extracted from the seeds of the hemp plant. Hemp seed oil has many various uses, but rarely does it contain amounts of CBD that are more than nominal.
Some CBD oil producers may use hemp seed oil in place of a carrier like MCT, but the hemp seed oil itself will not impart the benefits of CBD oil.
Common Pre-Purchase CBD Questions
The 2018 Farm Bill made hemp legal in all 50 states, but the legality of CBD remains confusing. CBD products are legal in the USA to buy, sell, consume, and mail, but some states have pushed back on the Farm Bill and are less permissive to CBD. This mainly concerns storefronts which have been shut down.
CBD’s unfriendly states include Alabama, Arizona, California, Connecticut, Michigan, Nebraska, Nevada, Ohio, South Dakota, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Some of these states only allow ZERO THC CBD oil while friendlier states allow up to 0.3% THC to be present.
To be clear, you can legally order CBD online, but some states are making retail store sales difficult or impossible.
CBD derived from marijuana instead of hemp is not federally legal nor is it legal to buy or sell online in any state. However, it may be legal to buy at a dispensary in states with medicinal or recreational cannabis laws. Any cannabis plant that contains more than 0.3% THC is considered to be marijuana (not hemp) by the US federal government.
CBD from hemp is also legal in Mexico and Canada. Always check your specific jurisdiction to be certain of legality because laws are subject to local interpretation in many cases!
We have created a CBD dosage calculator to help you determine how much CBD you should take. Please be aware, however, that no daily value has been established for CBD. Our general suggestion is that you follow the instructions given on the products you purchase and make adjustments to your dosage as you see fit.
Having tried and tested hundreds of different CBD products, and through varying delivery methods such as smoking, vaping, ingesting, etc., the effects felt by consuming CBD oil range from completely unnoticeable, to highly noticeable.
It has been reported that, when it does have a noticeable effect, CBD made the respondents feel a state of homeostasis, or “loose and chill.” While feeling CBD may be uncertain, one thing is for sure and that is to ensure you buy CBD oil online from a reputable source as you never know what little known companies might actually be selling you.
CBD oil takes between 2 minutes and 2 hours to work, as it depends on the method by which it is taken. The fastest method of getting CBD oil to work is by smoking it through a vape pen.
Some people aren’t comfortable with vaping, so the next fastest method is to administer sublingually using a CBD oil tincture. The slowest method of taking CBD is by ingestion. This includes examples like eating a CBD infused gummy or edible. For more answers to “how long does CBD take to work?” head to that page and continue reading.
At the time this section was last updated (October 2019), there is no law prohibiting the sale of CBD products to minors. The business selling the products has an ethical decision on which ages they are comfortable selling CBD products.
Our decision is that, while there may not yet be a law restricting the sale of CBD to adults, we do not wish to sell or distribute CBD products to anyone who is not 18 years of age or older.
In short, an isolate of CBD oil will not fail a drug test, but the long answer is yes so keep reading. If you consume full spectrum or whole plant hemp extracts, be aware that they may contain THC and you may fail a drug test due to this. If this is a concern to you, you can defend yourself and be safe from this by consuming only CBD isolate products.
Products containing CBD oil are either made from a CBD isolate or a full-spectrum CBD oil. Full-spectrum CBD oils are also known as a whole-plant hemp extract, which is an unrefined oil extracted from the whole Cannabis sativa plant that is used in the product. Such products contain a wide profile of cannabinoids, one of which is Delta 9 THC (the drug that is typically tested for).
While we aren’t going to be the ones to tell you it’s safe to use CBD oil while breastfeeding or pregnant, the Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada (SOGC) have performed studies bearing some interesting results.
Studies showed that, while the SOGC warns against the use of cannabis in pregnant or breastfeeding mothers, the society acknowledges that as 70% of women polled did not consider their babies to be in any major danger from their use of cannabis.
We speculate that the study results may have differed had the substance been limited to CBD only, and not included THC. If you’re a mom, or mom to be, and taking CBD oil while nursing or pregnant interests you, we highly recommend speaking to your physician beforehand.
Increase dopamine levels have been reported when studying the how CBD affects the brain. Taking CBD is thought to help alleviate drug withdrawal symptoms (8). It is thought that CBD can help reduce opioid use because of its ability to interfere with the drug reward system while reducing symptoms of conditions that opioids were previously prescribed for.
Grapefruit, like CBD oil, can interfere with the function of an enzyme complex in the liver called cytochrome P450 (CYP450) (6,8). This complex is involved with breaking down complexes like pharmaceuticals and can interfere with drug metabolism.
It is especially important to talk to a doctor before using CBD if you are on a drug that is processed through cytochrome P450. Grapefruit can also interfere with the effects of CBD itself when compounds from both move through the liver.
Many drugs are metabolized by CYP450 enzymes and could potentially interact with CBD. Some specific examples include:
- Steroids
- HMG CoA reductase inhibitors
- Calcium channel blockers
- Antihistamines
- Prokinetics
- HIV antivirals
- Immune modulators
- Benzodiazepines
- Antiarrhythmics
- Antibiotics
- Anesthetics
- Antipsychotics
- Antidepressants
- Anti-epileptics
- Beta-blockers
- PPIs
- NSAIDs
- Angiotensin II blockers
- Oral hypoglycemic agents
- Sulfonylureas
A CBD oil tincture is the extract from the cannabis sativa plant, typically made by extracting hemp with a solvent like ethanol or carbon dioxide (1). The extract is further purified to remove trace amounts of the solvent, then a carrier like MCT oil is added. CBD tinctures are taken by holding the liquid under the tongue for a minute or two, then swallowing.
Research has not observed addictive or dependent behavior in people who take CBD.2,8 One study has estimated that even marijuana (with THC) has a dependency rate of about equal to caffeine addiction (about six percent).
CBD has not been evaluated for safety or efficacy by the FDA, but hemp extracts have been a part of traditional medicine since ancient China and India.7,8 In a study trying to determine if there is a toxic dose of CBD, the researchers found that CBD was well tolerated and non-toxic even at extremely high doses of 1500mg CBD per day.
All vapes have some safety concerns because they do cause irritation to airways. Consumers should be sure to select CBD vapes that do not contain polyethylene glycol (PEG) which can degrade into formaldehyde.
CBD vape users should also be wary of using products from a company named “DANK” as the company was mentioned as potentially dangerous by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Frequently Asked Questions About Ordering and Shipping
Every person will have different preferences for their CBD delivery method and dosage. Some people have to try a variety of products before finding what CBD oil is the best for them. CBD products differ in the delivery method, such as vapes, tinctures, capsules, and edibles.
These products also come in different concentrations, such as 250mg CBD per bottle or higher. A third consideration is the product formulation. CBD products may be isolated CBD, broad-spectrum CBD, or full-spectrum CBD.
If you’re searching for “CBD oil near me,” perhaps on your iPhone or Android device, then you probably ended up empty-handed and landed on this page. You’re unlikely to find a local CBD oil store, but you’ll be glad to know that you can buy CBD oil online here on this website. If you do happen to already buy CBD oil nearby, we’re happy to price-match any publicly advertised price (no clearance, liquidation, wholesale, or non-refundable products).
We accept many forms of payment including VISA, MasterCard, PayPal, Bitcoin, Litecoin, Ethereum, and Monero. We do not accept American Express at this time.
Your credit card will be immediately “authorized” for the amount of your order. An authorization is a temporary hold by which our bank verifies that the funds are available to be spent.
Our anti-fraud system then verifies your order against a database to ensure a stolen credit card is not being used. Once your order is verified as good, your credit card is then charged. This process is usually very fast and may take up to 1-2 business days.
Shipments are made on a daily basis during regular business hours, which may be found on our contact page. Most shipments are usually prepared within 24 hours and take at most 3 business days to be picked up by the carrier.
Yes, we do ship internationally. At the time this was last updated (October 2019) we have not placed any restrictions on the countries we ship to. All shipments will be accompanied by a customs form indicating the contents of the package and its value.
You are responsible for any and all taxes, VAT, and customs fees due relevant to your order and we will not take responsibility for them. International orders are non-refundable.
Please check with your local jurisdiction on the legalities of shipping industrial hemp-based products containing cannabidiol (CBD) to your location through local postal mail. If we find that certain jurisdictions are not allowing the importation of our products, we will add them to the prohibited countries list below:
Prohibited Countries: Australia (subject to change)
We ship using USPS. This is the only method we are interested in mailing CBD (follow the link to find out why).
In instances where a large order is placed or expedited shipping is requested, we would NOT expand our shipping options further to UPS, FedEx, and DHL, in that order.
Note: USPS is the only method allowed to ship to PO Boxes and Military addresses (APO/FPO/AE).
Once your order is placed your credit card will be authorized for the amount of your order and you will receive an email notification that your order has been received. Our artificially intelligent fraud protection bot will review and approve your order.
Once approved, your order will go into processing. Once processed, you’ll receive an additional email with your tracking information, and your order will be placed in our outgoing mail pickup for the carrier to scan the barcode in. The carrier will then take between 1 to 14 days to deliver your order (7 to 28 days for international orders).
If you didn’t receive a confirmation email or tracking number then check your spam folder. Sometimes our emails get caught in there. It’s not anything we did, but the spam filters sometimes detect product names related to cannabis and decide to mark them as spam. To prevent this from happening in the future, we highly suggest creating an email filter and whitelisting our domain name.
In Gmail, all you have to do is type “@nohigh.com” in the search bar, click the down arrow, then at the bottom click “Create Filter.” Checkmark “Never send to spam” and “Always mark as important” then create the filter. Voila, our emails will now always come to your inbox.
If your order is missing something please use our contact page and notify us immediately. The sooner we are made aware of missing items in your order, the sooner we can research our supply chain and find out what happened. In most instances, we will find exactly what happened, make internal adjustments, and send your missing items to you immediately.
Please be aware that if we find that you’re repeatedly missing items from your orders time and time again, that we may decide to stop providing you with services and may prevent you from placing any future orders.
If you’re unhappy with your product then we don’t think you should be stuck with it. We accept new, unopened products for a full refund. If you took advantage of a coupon or special offer, your refund amount will be subtracted by any discounts given to you. Refunds for open, used, sale, clearance, or otherwise undesirable products will be at our discretion.
Due to abuse of our return program, returns are limited to 1 return per 6 month period or per 10 orders, whichever comes sooner. For example, if you placed an order and made a return, you would not be able to make another return for the sooner of the next 6 months, or until you’ve placed 9 more orders (a total of 10 orders).
Yes, we do offer wholesale pricing to resellers. Please use our contact form and reach out to us, indicating that you’re interested in wholesale. Please provide us with as much information as possible about your wholesale interest so we can best cater to your needs. This information might include:
- Your full name
- Company name
- Email address
- Website URL
- Address
- Phone
- Number of stores
- Expected order amount
- Products you’re interested in
- Expected monthly sales volume
- Whether you’re currently selling CBD or not
Yes, we do offer a CBD refer-a-friend program. Our friend referral program rewards you with rewards points that may be used toward future purchases. We also offer an affiliate program, which you may find more details about in the next question.
Yes, we do offer a CBD affiliate program where affiliates, influencers, bloggers, website owners and more can promote our CBD oil products and make a commission from traffic which has derived from them. Our affiliate program is free to join and not an MLM. We do not ask you to pay us in order to be an affiliate.
We want to reward our loyal customers and VIPs so we’ve created a loyalty program as well as free shipping for orders over a specified amount. To see the current offer, check the bar above the header or our checkout page. This is where we advertise our CBD free shipping offer. We also offer CBD assistance programs to veterans, low income, firefighters, police, EMTs, military, and more.
Yes, we strongly believe in giving a portion of our profits back to the community and do so on a regular basis. Our charities of choice include the following:
- National Pancreatic Cancer Foundation
- Susan B Komen Breast Cancer Foundation
If you represent a registered charity or foundation relevant to our efforts and wish to have us review the potential for us to make contributions toward it, please use our contact form and reach out to us.
Common Post-Purchase CBD Questions
The expiration date of a CBD product will often be printed on its packaging. In general, most CBD products have a shelf life from 14 to 24 months.
Storing CBD products in a cool (but not cold) dark environment will help prevent the cannabinoids from deteriorating from exposure to light or heat. Always follow the manufacturer’s directions for use and storage to ensure your CBD products keep their integrity through their shelf life.
Dogs have endocannabinoid systems much like the human endocannabinoid system. Some research has been done to show that CBD may benefit pets with epilepsy and osteoarthritis. It is commonly believed that CBD can impart similar benefits to animals that it imparts to humans.9,11
One factor to bear in mind is that animals and humans absorb materials differently. This effect is termed bioavailability. The bioavailability (usable amount of CBD that reaches the bloodstream) for oral CBD in humans is thought to be very low, around 6%. In CBD for dogs, the oral bioavailability of CBD is thought to be higher, around 10-15%. Pet owners should consult their veterinarian for specific medical advice, but in general, a pet may not need as much CBD oil to achieve symptom relief.
CBD does not have psychoactive effects like THC. There are no known effects of CBD that would make it unsafe to operate a motor vehicle.
Combining alcohol and CBD oil is generally regarded as safe for moderate drinkers.4 In heavy alcohol users, like binge drinkers, the CBD and alcohol interaction may be noticeable. More research is needed to fully understand the interaction of CBD with alcohol, but one study observed that CBD may lower blood alcohol levels and protect the body from the effects of drinking. CBD may also lower cravings for alcohol.
Questions About CBD and Common Ailments
Sleep disorders are common and widespread health problems. Insomnia alone is estimated to affect up to 60 million Americans, according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Sleep disorders can include parasomnias, or sleep-disruptive events, and associated sleep issues such as snoring and sleep apnea.
While research on the effects of CBD is ongoing, many believe that CBD can help improve sleep by reducing symptoms of anxiety and pain that are common reasons for sleep disruption.10
CBD oil for sleep may also include other natural sleep-promoting ingredients like melatonin or valerian root.
CBD oil for pain has great benefits. Back pain, nerve pain, and chronic pain can all benefit from the anti-inflammatory action and regulation of pain-sensing that research is showing CBD is capable of. How does CBD work for pain? Check out our in-depth article about how CBD works for pain.
CBD and other cannabinoids work through the endocannabinoid system to influence the regulation of signaling in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Many researchers have observed that CBD benefits anxiety and depression systems through those actions. Our in-depth article CBD for anxiety elaborates more on how CBD can help with anxiety or depression.
More research is needed on the influence CBD can have on headaches and migraines. In general, THC has stronger benefits for migraines than CBD. However, CBD has shown very strong anti-inflammatory abilities in research that may benefit headaches and migraines related to inflammation.
More research is needed to elaborate on the effects of taking CBD oil for weight loss or weight gain. Cannabinoids can have different effects based on dosage and formulation. Our article on the endocannabinoid system explains some of the different effects that ongoing research is exploring.
CBD is a strong anti-inflammatory compound! Researchers strongly agree that CBD may help with inflammation from a variety of causes ranging from health conditions to illnesses and injuries (7, 8). Many of our educational CBD articles elaborate on how CBD helps with inflammation associated with different health conditions.
Post-workout recovery may benefit from CBD due to it’s benefits like reducing inflammation, reducing muscle spasms, reducing pain sensation, and improving sleep. While institutional research has not yet focused much attention on the overall influence CBD fitness supplements may have on post-workout recovery, anecdotal evidence and consideration of the more studied benefits of CBD suggest that positive effects are highly likely.
Questions About CBD Common Diseases
CBD may help with some types of cancer in a few different ways8.
CBD can promote the activity of the enzyme CYP1A1 which is able to break down carcinogens that have entered the body.
CBD also acts as an antioxidant and can neutralize reactive oxygen molecules that can contribute to cancer.
Since CBD is highly active in the immune system, it can also help induce death in irregular cells.
Overall, researchers have reported there are many ways that CBD can work in the body to prevent and reduce the proliferation of cancerous or tumor-causing cells. CBD is especially of interest for use in breast cancer patients, where research is suggesting it may be particularly helpful.
Topical CBD may be useful in treating acne, eczema, psoriasis, and itchy skin due to the anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant properties, and ability to modulate immune system response.8
CBD is thought to benefit PTSD symptoms, in the same manner, it works to alleviate symptoms of anxiety and depression.
The anti-inflammatory properties of CBD may be of help to people suffering from diverticulitis. While anecdotally, patients have reported improvements, research to support their observations is especially lacking.
In a study with a total of 21 Parkinson’s patients who were treated with either placebo, 75 mg/day CBD or 300 mg/day CBD in a double-blind trial for 6 weeks, the higher CBD dose showed significant improvement of quality of life.8
The study rated improvements in mobility, activities of daily living, emotional well-being, stigma, social support, cognition, communication, and bodily discomfort, finding that CBD use improved these factors for the majority of study participants.
Numerous studies have shown that CBD plays an immunomodulatory role in various diseases such as multiple sclerosis, arthritis, and diabetes, which may lead to an improvement in disease symptoms.8
Ifflant, et al. write, “In a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study with 62 subjects with noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetes, 13 patients were treated with twice-daily oral doses of 100 mg CBD for 13 weeks. This resulted in lower resistin levels compared to baseline. The hormone resistin is associated with obesity and insulin resistance.”
More research has discussed the possible role CBD may play in preventing diabetes and obesity.
Little research has been done on the influence cannabinoids may have on ADHD. From the small body of research that is available, it is thought that CBD is not helpful for ADHD.
Many studies have shown that CBD may help with epilepsy, seizures, and other conditions involving spasticity. A pharmaceutical formulation of CBD called Epidiolex has even been FDA approved for the treatment of epilepsy.
Bursitis refers to inflammation of the fluid-filled sac that cushions tendons, ligaments, and muscles. This sac, called the bursa, helps muscles and tendons glide over bones.
Joint pain and inflammation like bursitis can benefit from the use of CBD. Products like CBD salves and CBD bath bombs may help relieve tension and inflammation. CBD tinctures or capsules can work from inside the body to help reduce inflammation and pain as well.
People with essential tremors shake when they are moving and performing everyday activities like writing, drinking. Unfortunately, there is no drug designed to treat essential tremor.
At the University of California San Diego’s Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research, neurologist Dr. Fatta Nahab has recently gotten DEA approval to study the effect of CBD and essential tremor after receiving several anecdotal observations from patients who bought CBD online. In the future, we will hopefully know more about the purported CBD benefits for essential tremor.
Neuropathic pain is caused by damage to the nervous system and can feel like stabbing, burning, or tingling pain. CBD has demonstrated the potential to help with neuropathic pain through a few different mechanisms.
Pro-inflammatory biomarkers were reduced in a study of CBD for pain.8 CBD can also reduce the sensation of pain since pain-sensing is a nervous function regulated by the endocannabinoid system.5
Tinnitus has been suggested to arise from neuronal hyperactivity in auditory areas of the brain. Since anti-epileptic drugs are sometimes used to provide relief from tinnitus, you might expect compounds like CBD to also benefit tinnitus.12
Research from and animal study by Zheng, et al, suggests quite the opposite. They found that cannabinoids significantly increased the number of tinnitus animals in the exposed-tinnitus group, but not in the sham group. The results suggest that cannabinoids may promote the development of tinnitus, especially when there is pre-existing hearing damage.
Cannabis is used by some tinnitus sufferers to relieve their condition, but this and prior studies by Zheng, et al that cannabinoids, like THC and CBD, may actually aggravate tinnitus due to the net effect of activation of CB1 receptors in the DCN which might exacerbate neuronal hyperactivity.
While some CBD users claim that it has helped with autism, there is little to no research or evidence to support or negate that claim at this time.
Research is showing that CBD may help with conditions like colitis,10 Crohn’s, and some other digestive issues. CBD’s ability to stimulate the endocannabinoid system which regulates immune cell functions and its anti-inflammatory properties are thought to work to help with gastric conditions linked to those symptoms.
Numerous studies have shown that CBD plays an immunomodulatory role in various diseases such as multiple sclerosis, arthritis, and diabetes, which may lead to an improvement in disease symptoms.8
The specific use of CBD with Lupus has not been extensively researched. CBD may be helpful for major symptoms of Lupus, such as pain and inflammation.
References
- Aladić, K., Jarni, K., Barbir, T., Vidović, S., Vladić, J., Bilić, M., & Jokić, S. (2015). Supercritical CO2 extraction of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed oil. Industrial crops and products, 76, 472-478. Retrieved from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0926669015302405
- Arkowitz, H., Lillenfeld S.O. (2012 Mar 01). Experts Tell the Truth about Pot: Marijuana use can be problematic but only rarely leads to addiction. Scientific American, Springer Nature America, Inc. Retrieved from: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-truth-about-pot/
- Atakan, Z. (2012). Cannabis, a complex plant: different compounds and different effects on individuals. Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology, 2(6), 241-254. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3736954/
- Consroe, P., Carlini, E.A., Zwicker, A.P., & Lacerda, L.A. (1979). Interaction of cannabidiol and alcohol in humans. Psychopharmacology, 66(1), 45-50. Retrieved from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00431988
- Costa, B., Trovato, A. E., Comelli, F., Giagnoni, G., & Colleoni, M. (2007). The non-psychoactive cannabis constituent cannabidiol is an orally effective therapeutic agent in rat chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain. European journal of pharmacology, 556(1-3), 75-83. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17157290
- Drug Interactions Flockhart Table. (2018). University of Indiana School of Medicine, The Trustees of Indiana University. Retrieved from: https://drug-interactions.medicine.iu.edu/MainTable.aspx
- Fasinu, P. S., Phillips, S., ElSohly, M. A., & Walker, L. A. (2016). Current status and prospects for cannabidiol preparations as new therapeutic agents. Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, 36(7), 781-796. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27285147
- Iffland, K., & Grotenhermen, F. (2017). An update on safety and side effects of cannabidiol: a review of clinical data and relevant animal studies. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 2(1), 139-154. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5569602/
- Landa, L., Sulcova, A., & Gbelec, P. (2016). The use of cannabinoids in animals and therapeutic implications for veterinary medicine: a review. Veterinarni Medicina, 61(3). Retrieved from: http://vri.cz/docs/vetmed/61-3-111.pdf
- Russo, E. B., Guy, G. W., & Robson, P. J. (2007). Cannabis, pain, and sleep: lessons from therapeutic clinical trials of Sativex®, a cannabis‐based medicine. Chemistry & biodiversity, 4(8), 1729-1743. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17712817
- Samara E, Bialer M, Mechoulam R. Pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol in dogs. Drug Metab Dispos 1988;16:469–72. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2900742
- Zheng, Y., Reid, P., & Smith, P. F. (2015). Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Agonists Do Not Decrease, but may Increase Acoustic Trauma-Induced Tinnitus in Rats. Frontiers in neurology, 6, 60. doi:10.3389/fneur.2015.00060. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4364172/